• How capital budgeting decisions are made, effects of leverage i.e. debt on the health of company
• Detailed analysis and computation of WACC which represents the return expectations of investors, working capital management
• Growing importance of ESG investing, project evaluation through spreadsheet models, comparison of various valuation models
• Dividend policies of a firm and Modigliani–Miller propositions regarding capital structure
• Details about types of merger, acquisitions & divestitures, motivation behind M&A & merger defence techniques.

Its weightage is 8-12% in Level 1, 5-10% in Level 2 and is not tested in Level 3.

• Analysis of various financial statements published by companies
• In depth understanding of components of financial statements
• Calculating and interpreting of variety of ratios such as profitability ratios, liquidity ratios, turnover ratios etc
• Differences between IFRS and US GAAP while book keeping are discussed
• Management of intercorporate investments
• Discussion of employee compensation measures such as pension and retirement benefits along with differences in their treatment in IFRS and US GAAP
• How a company manages multinational operations which involves exposure of currency and other risks
• Analysis of financial institutes & evaluation the quality of financial reporting done by company is also discussed

Its weightage is 13-17% in Level 1, 10-15% in Level 2 and is not tested in Level 3.

• Various valuation models such as discounted cashflow approach, dividend discount model, public company analysis & precedent transaction analysis
• Explains the need for doing industry and company analysis, forecast prices of security and determine whether they are undervalued, fairly valued or overvalued
• Calculation of index and its returns (price and total returns)

Its weightage is 10-12% in Level 1, 10-15% in Level 2 and 10-15% in Level 3.

• Various financial assets other than traditional stocks and bonds including Hedge Funds, commodities derivatives, real estate, collectibles, REITs, private equity, venture capital.

Its weightage is 5-8% in Level 1, 5-10% in Level 2 and 5-10% in Level 3.

• Details of Future, forwards, options, swaps and FRA
• Uses of derivative in various situations
• Pricing and valuation of derivatives instruments
• Strategies used to reduce risks using derivatives.

Its weightage is 5-8% in Level 1, 5-10% in Level 2 and 5-10% in Level 3.

• Securitization creation of fixed-income securities backed by certain (typically less liquid) assets
• Valuation and analysis of fixed income securities
• Understanding various types of spreads and impact of change in return with changes in inflation
• Management of active portfolio comprising of fixed income securities and various strategies.

Its weightage is 10-12% in Level 1, 10-15% in Level 2 and 15-20% in Level 3.

• Quantitative and statistical methods and techniques such as returns distribution
• Various statistical measures such as z-distribution, chi- square, f-distribution
• Linear & Multiple regression
• Time series and cross-sectional analysis
• Big Data Projects, Machine learning & Fintech.

Its weightage is 8-12% in Level 1, 5-10% in Level 2 and is not tested in Level 3.

• Includes identification of risk tolerance of individuals or corporates and manages that risk
• Difference between systematic risk and unsystematic risk
• Creation and management of portfolio comprises of hedge funds, equity, fixed income, alternative investments and proper asset allocation at the given level of risk
• Calculation and interpretation of portfolio return and risk using portfolio standard deviation. Various new topics such as Technical Analysis and Fintech are recently included in this reading.

Its weightage is 5-8% in Level 1, 10-15% in Level 2 and 35-40% in Level 3.

• The most important topics in CFA Exam which aims to develop a framework which promotes ethical behaviour in investment industry by providing 7 standards which every CFA Charter holder, member and candidate must follow.
• Various recommendations and mandatory practices are written in this study session which needs to be taken in consideration while doing any job.
• Introduction to Global Investment Performance Standards (GIPS®) standards in level.

Its weightage is 15-20% in Level 1, 10-15% in Level 2 and 10-15% in Level 3.

• General economics term like demand supply, equilibrium, inflation, monetary policy, fiscal policy, currency exchange rate, balance of payments, producer or consumer surplus, market organisation and structure, business cycles, various theories, aggregate output etc.
• The main objective of this study session is to create a link between economy and financial markets by explaining the changes caused in financial markets by economy.

Its weightage is 8-12% in Level 1, 5-10%% in Level 2 and 5-10% in Level 3.